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You are not alone if you have
attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. About 4% of school age
children have this. In addition, other students have one or a few of
the characteristics of ADHD.
Characteristics of ADHD:
| In class: |
- You might interrupt or answer out of turn
- You might not be able to take good notes
- You might have trouble with commands or instructions
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| Doing homework: |
- You might have trouble concentrating
- You might not be attentive to details, or make little
mistakes
- You might forget things, even to turn in your homework
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| Getting help |
You might need help learning,
and determining your preferred learning style
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The strategies below are
suggested as part of a professionally organized program of assistance.
They are derived from the American description of ADHD1.
However, as a student, you also have your own personal learning style,
including "intelligences" (c.f. Kolb), personality types (c.f.
Myers-Briggs), etc. These will be helpful to know and develop in
overcoming ADHD
In class:
To help you follow instructions:
- Simplify instructions down to a basic one or two, and
build from there. Verify these with your teacher, or
- Ask your teacher to break down assignments into steps for
you to follow
To contribute in class
Answering out of turn, or interrupting the class or teachers
is normal for ADHD, but it is best to remember that you are
trying to learn
- Write your question or comment down on paper before
speaking
- Practice raising your hand before volunteering
- Refer to our Guide on Classroom
Learning
To take good notes is task for all students.
These techniques may give you an advantage:
- Bring a tape recorder to class
- Study with a classmate taking the same class
- Refer to our Guide on Taking
Notes in Lectures
- With ADHD, lecture is not the best form of learning.
Ask your teacher for a printed summary of the lecture, or
alternative methods to get the same information
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Homework:
To help you concentrate:
- Find a quiet place in your home, to avoid distraction such
as movement and noise of your family, pets, TV, telephones,
music, etc.
- If space in your home is limited, your parents or tutor
may find space in a library, religious structure, neighbor's
house, or other sympathetic place
- Special "headsets" can block out noise and help
you focus
- get into a routine, a consistent time you study
- Refer to our Guide on Concentration
To help you remember:
- Develop routines/habits!
For example, before going to school, organize your
schoolwork in the same way each day. Have some one
help you begin to establish this pattern
- Keep you assignments in the same pocket of your backpack.
Tell your teacher about it
- Keep a list of things to remember in a pocket of your
backpack.
To help with details
- Review your homework
with your parents, a classmate, a tutor
- use grammar and spell checkers regularly for computer work
Remember that making mistakes, or overlooking details, is
not for lack of intelligence, but rather a sign of
impatience, a characteristic of this condition.
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Help with
learning
Take care of yourself; get the help you need:
Patience is a challenge for those with ADHD.
If you are feeling angry, discouraged, or frustrated over your
progress, find some support. All learning involves
family, teachers, professionals, classmates, as well as
ourselves. We all need patience. Their messages
should be steady and consistent, but try to understand if they
aren't always so.
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According to the American Surgeon General
"Inattention or attention deficit may not become apparent until the
child enters the challenging environment of elementary school. Such
children then have difficulty paying attention to details and are easily
distracted by other events that are occurring at the same time; they find
it difficult and unpleasant to finish their schoolwork; they put off
anything that requires a sustained mental effort; they are prone to make
careless mistakes, and are disorganized, losing their school books and
assignments; they appear not to listen when spoken to and often fail to
follow through on tasks.
... "There appears to be a "disconnect"
between developmental or educational (school-based) assessments and
health-related (medical practice-based) services." (DSM-IV;
Waslick & Greenhill, 1997).Mental Health,
a Report from the Surgeon General, Chapter 3, as found at http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/mentalhealth/chapter3/sec4.html
(December 11, 2000)
1.
American description of ADHD http://www.mentalhealth.com/dis1/p21-ch01.html
See also: European description of "ADHD"
http://www.mentalhealth.com/icd/p22-ch01.html
Edits and revision with appreciation to Julia Nielson,
Counsellor, Athabasca University, Alberta, Canada.
See also: Practical Tips for Managing Emotion,
Learning & Behaviour in the ADD/ADHD Child
by Dr. Ron Weinstein,
A.D.D. & Family Support Centre, http://www.addcentre.co.uk/newindex.html
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The Study Guides and Strategies web site was created and is
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of St. Thomas (UST), St. Paul, Minnesota. It is collaboratively
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September 04, 2002 .
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