Translations, 
with gratitude to: 

Translation is entirely mysterious. 
Increasingly I have felt that 
the art of writing is itself translating, 
or more like translating 
than it is like anything else.
Ursula K. Le Guin
American, 1929-

The persons and associations listed here have volunteered countless hours to take the Study Guides across cultural and national boundaries.

With deep appreciation to:

Amharic:  Anteneh Berhanu (UST)

Arabic:  Ali Alahmed (UST), SchoolArabia, Amman, Jordan

Chinese:  Li Huizhen 李惠珍 and Kou Xialian (UST); Toh Lee Yen, IQMind, Singapore; Xu Junxian, School of Continuing Education, University of International Business and Economics, Beijing; 

Croatian: Vedrana Matetic, FRI - Fakulteta za računalništvo in informatiko (Faculty of Computer and Information Science) Univerza  v  Ljubljani

Czech:  Marta Kotonová, Univerzita Sv. Tomáše, Hustopeče, česká Republika

Danish:  Jette Hannibal, Nørre Gymnasium - Mørkhøjvej

Spanish:  Daniel H.P. Borocci (Prof.), Allen, Argentina; Norma Benesdra, Buenos Aires, Argentina; MArtin GOnzalez MOrassi, Asuncion, Paraguay; Joaquín Selva-Pérez, Valencia, España.

French:  Christophe Touzelet et James Papacek (UST), Olivier Gingras, La?itia Ponsar, Armand Kuemene, Cameroon

Hindi:   Deepak Rautela, Amit Kulkarni (UST)

Italian:   Maurizio Gramigni (UST)

Korean:  Jung-Mo Lee, Sung Kyun Kwan University, Jongroku, Seoul

Luganda:  Francis Ssennoga (UST)

Portugese: Vera Mello, Faculdade de Educação da USP, São Paulo, Brazil e Helio da Silva Araujo

Russian translations & editing:  Elena Gavricova,  Center for Telecommunication and Internet Technologies (CTIT), (English version), Moscow State University (MSU), Moscow, Russia; and Vadim Gurevich and Valentine Gatsuk, (UST)

Tamil:  Kala Elayaperumal (UST)

Turkish:  Gurkan Peksoz (UST)

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The Study Guides and Strategies web site was created and is maintained by Joe Landsberger,
academic web site developer at the University of St. Thomas (UST), St. Paul, Minnesota.  It is collaboratively maintained across institutional and national boundaries, and  last revised September 04, 2002 . 

Permission is granted to freely copy, adapt, print, transmit, and distribute
Study Guides in settings that benefit learners. On the WWW, however, please link rather than put up your own page since pages are frequently modified and improved in consideration of educational research.  No request to link is necessary.   Additional contributions and translations are warmly received.